Italy
Rome punishes the unprepared. The sampietrini cobblestones (volcanic basalt cubes laid since the 1500s) defeat almost every heel within a block, the Vatican and most basilicas enforce a knees-and-shoulders dress code that is checked by guards at the entrance, and summer afternoons hit 33°C / 91°F in walls of stone that re-radiate heat until midnight. Roman women solve all three at once with linen midi dresses, leather sandals broken in for actual walking, and a silk scarf in the bag for church entries. Tourists who try to be elegant in heels read as exhausted by 11am.